<p>The article analyzes the history of the system of awarding scientiėc degrees in Europe and its stages of development. ĉe role of the Bologna Charter in ensuring the consistency of scientiėc degrees, which are fundamentally <br /> different ěom each other, is also highlighted. ĉe types of the scientiėc degrees in developed foreign countries, their compatibility and fundamental differences are indicated, in particular, the requirements for the preparation of dissertations, the number and types of scientiėc papers that should be published based on the results of scientiėc work. ĉe study deals with the issues regarding the procedure for defending a thesis, the number of members of the Scientiėc Council, opponents, and reviewers, the average length of time spent on research and writing dissertations for obtaining scientiėc degrees in leading foreign universities. ĉe importance and the role of the obtained scientiėc <br /> degree in the acquisition of new skills and achievements, increasing material well-being and career opportunities, as well as the level of competence in the form of newly acquired knowledge, hasbeen substantiated. In conclusion, the <br /> achievements of the system of awarding scientiėc degrees at universities of developed countries have been presented. </p>