<p>This study investigates the effect of vanadium additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-manganese steel. The results show that vanadium forms strengthening phases within the steel structure, <br /> promotes grain refinement, and enhances the material’s strength and wear resistance. The addition of an appropriate amount of vanadium improves the impact toughness and low-temperature resistance of the steel. However, excessive vanadium content has a negative effect, reducing the material’s ductility and toughness. The study evaluated the characteristics of microstructure formation and the performance properties of the steel at various vanadium concentrations. The results indicate that there is an optimal range of vanadium content at which the mechanical properties reach their maximum values. It was also established that vanadium alloying contributes to increased deformation resistance and initial hardness of the steel. The obtained findings are of significant importance for components manufactured from high-manganese steels, especially those operating under severe wear conditions. The study demonstrates that the proper selection <br /> of the steel’s chemical composition can extend the service life of components and improve their operational efficiency.</p>