<p>The global economy is experiencing the transition from the fifth to the sixth stage of the technological structure. Relating changes impact the future development processes of both the world and individual economies. Therefore, it is important to define the prospective trends of the new structure and the potential of Uzbekistan to transit. The article discusses basic approaches to defining a technological structure and its essence. It presents a scheme for replacing the former technologic structure with a new one and highlights the importance of innovations as the main factor for the alteration of the technological structure. The major technologies and development trends of the sixth technologic structure have been considered as well. The study provides an analysis of the technological multiplicity of the industrial sector in Uzbekistan and identifies technological structures prevailing in the country and their innovative constituents. The analysis enabled the identification of shortcomings, which need to be addressed accordingly. Setting-up of high-tech industries, up to the fifth and sixth technology structures, is important in view of raising economic competitiveness.</p>