<p> This study considers the issue of reducing mechanical damage to seeds during the separation of seed cotton in a pneumatic transport system, which is one of the urgent problems of the cotton ginning industry. The working process of the improved separator in the pneumatic transport system and its effect on fiber <br /> quality indicators were selected as the object of research. The main objective of the work is to reduce the level of seed damage and increase the energy efficiency of the pneumatic transport system by replacing the traditional metal mesh surfaces of the separator with a moving belt made of an elastic polymer material. The research methodology includes the laws of theoretical mechanics, analysis of the elastic properties of the NB/U21 polymer material, and a set of comparative tests under industrial conditions. The results obtained showed that the separator device of the new design allows the mechanical damage to seeds to be reduced by up to two times compared with the existing SS-15A separator. It was also determined that the device’s productivity reaches 1,700 kilograms per hour and, due to the reduction in aerodynamic resistance, electricity consumption is reduced by 12 percent. The research conclusions confirm that the proposed mobile separator is highly effective in maintaining fiber quality and ensuring resource efficiency in cotton clusters and <br /> receiving stations. This technical solution can be widely used in the initial stages of cotton processing in the textile industry.</p>