<p><span style="font-family:Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif">This work was dedicated to generating the microcrystalline cellulose and nanocellulose based on straw cellulose using acid hydrolysis method. Dimensions, structure, and properties of the microcrystalline and nanocellulose have been investigated using dynamic light scattering, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, atomic force microscopy, and thermal analysis. It was found that for microcrystalline cellulose the degree of polymerization made 232, the degree of crystallinity is 70%, the particle size was 70-400 μm, whereas for nanocellulose the degree of polymerization – 162, the degree of crystallinity – 79%, the particle size was 50-250 nm, as well as the findings showed that these parameters could be controlled by variables factors than can affect hydrolysis processes</span></p>